🌾 Celiac Disease
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten (a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye) triggers an immune response that damages the lining of the small intestine. This leads to malabsorption of nutrients and a variety of symptoms.
🔍 Causes
- Genetic predisposition (family history)
- Triggered by gluten consumption
- Sometimes associated with other autoimmune diseases
⚠️ Symptoms
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Abdominal pain and bloating
- Weight loss
- Fatigue
- Anemia (due to nutrient malabsorption)
- Dermatitis herpetiformis (itchy skin rash)
- In children: delayed growth, irritability
🧪 Diagnosis
- Blood tests for specific antibodies (tTG-IgA)
- Small intestine biopsy (via endoscopy) to confirm damage
- Genetic testing (HLA-DQ2/DQ8) in some cases
🛠️ Treatment
- Strict lifelong gluten-free diet
- Nutritional supplements to correct deficiencies
- Regular follow-up with healthcare provider
🛡️ Important Tips
- Avoid all foods containing wheat, barley, rye, and derivatives
- Check for gluten in processed foods and medications
- Consider support groups or dietitian guidance for managing diet