Barrett’s esophagus is a condition in which the normal squamous cells lining the lower esophagus are replaced by columnar cells (like those in the intestines) due to chronic acid exposure—usually from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This change is called intestinal metaplasia, and it’s significant because it increases the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma, a type of […]
Esophagitis is inflammation of the esophagus—the muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach. It can be painful and may lead to swallowing difficulties, chest discomfort, or even bleeding if untreated. Several different causes exist, each with unique features and treatments. 🔬 Types & Causes of Esophagitis 1. Reflux Esophagitis 2. Infectious Esophagitis 3.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive condition where stomach contents (especially acid) reflux backward into the esophagus, causing irritation, inflammation, and symptoms like heartburn and regurgitation. 🧬 What Happens in GERD? Normally, the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) acts like a valve between the esophagus and stomach. In GERD: ⚠️ Common Symptoms Typical Symptoms
What is Colic? 🤱😖 Colic refers to severe, often fluctuating pain in the abdomen caused by intestinal gas or obstruction in the intestines. It’s most commonly used to describe intense crying and fussiness in infants, but adults can experience colic too due to digestive issues. Infant Colic Causes of Colic Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment When to
What is Colic? 🤱😖 Colic refers to severe, often fluctuating pain in the abdomen caused by intestinal gas or obstruction in the intestines. It’s most commonly used to describe intense crying and fussiness in infants, but adults can experience colic too due to digestive issues. Infant Colic Causes of Colic Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment When to
What is Reye Syndrome? Reye Syndrome is a rare but serious condition that causes swelling in the liver and brain. It mainly affects children and teenagers recovering from a viral infection, such as the flu or chickenpox. Causes Symptoms Symptoms usually appear a few days after a viral illness and may include: How does it
🦠 Adenovirus Adenoviruses are a group of common viruses that can cause a wide range of illnesses in people of all ages. They are especially frequent in children, military recruits, and those with weakened immune systems. 🧬 Transmission: 🩺 Common Illnesses Caused by Adenoviruses: 🩺 Symptoms: 🔍 Diagnosis: 💊 Treatment: 🛡️ Prevention: ⚠️ Complications (rare
👄 Mouth Ulcers Mouth ulcers, also called aphthous ulcers or canker sores, are painful sores or lesions that form on the soft tissues inside the mouth — such as the inner cheeks, lips, tongue, or gums. 🧬 Types: 🩺 Common Causes/Triggers: 🔍 Symptoms: 💊 Treatment: Most mouth ulcers are self-limiting, but treatment can relieve pain
🌾 Celiac Disease Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten (a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye) triggers an immune response that damages the small intestine lining, specifically the villi, which are essential for nutrient absorption. 🧬 Cause: 🩺 Symptoms: 🧒 In Children: 👨🦰 In Adults: 🩻 Silent or
🍽️ Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) – Overview GERD is a chronic digestive disorder where stomach acid or contents flow back (reflux) into the esophagus, causing irritation and symptoms like heartburn. 📉 What Happens in GERD? 🩺 Symptoms: 🧬 Causes and Risk Factors: 🔍 Diagnosis: 💊 Treatment: 🧂 Lifestyle modifications: 💊 Medications: 🏥 Surgery (for severe
