🧠 Huntington’s Disease – Overview Huntington’s disease (HD) is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disorder that causes progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain. It affects movement, cognition (thinking), and behavior, and symptoms typically begin between ages 30 and 50, though juvenile forms exist. 🧬 Cause ⚠️ Symptoms Symptoms worsen gradually over time and can […]
🌙 Insomnia Insomnia is a sleep disorder where a person has difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early and being unable to return to sleep. It affects sleep quality and daytime functioning, leading to fatigue, irritability, poor concentration, and mood changes. 🧠 Types of Insomnia Type Description Acute Insomnia Short-term (days to
👅 Glossitis Glossitis refers to inflammation of the tongue, often resulting in a swollen, red, smooth, or tender tongue. It can be a symptom of an underlying condition or occur due to local irritation, nutritional deficiencies, or infections. 🧬 Causes of Glossitis Cause Type Examples 🔹 Nutritional deficiencies Vitamin B12, iron, or folate deficiency 🔹
🦠 Colitis Colitis refers to inflammation of the colon (large intestine). It can be acute (sudden onset) or chronic (long-term) and may be caused by infection, autoimmune diseases, reduced blood flow, or other underlying conditions. 🧬 Types of Colitis Type Description Common Cause Ulcerative colitis Chronic, autoimmune disease causing ulcers and inflammation in the colon
👂 Otitis Otitis refers to inflammation or infection of the ear, and it can affect different parts of the ear: Type Location Common Name Otitis externa Outer ear canal “Swimmer’s ear” Otitis media Middle ear (behind eardrum) Middle ear infection Otitis interna Inner ear (labyrinth) Labyrinthitis or inner ear infection 🦠 Causes 👶 Otitis Media
🦷 Pyorrhea (Periodontitis) Pyorrhea, now more commonly called periodontitis, is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and can destroy the bone that supports your teeth. If untreated, it can lead to tooth loss and has been linked to other systemic conditions like heart disease and diabetes. 🧬 Cause Pyorrhea is caused by
Pneumonia Pneumonia is a lung infection that causes inflammation of the air sacs (alveoli) in one or both lungs. The alveoli may fill with fluid or pus, leading to cough, fever, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. It can range from mild to life-threatening, especially in young children, older adults, and those with weakened immune systems.
🦴 Arthritis Arthritis is a general term for conditions that cause inflammation of the joints, leading to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced motion. There are over 100 types of arthritis, ranging from mild to severe. 🔍 Most Common Types Type Description Osteoarthritis (OA) “Wear and tear” arthritis; most common; due to cartilage breakdown with age
🦠 Diphtheria Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It primarily affects the nose, throat, and tonsils, but in severe cases, it can produce a toxin that damages the heart, nerves, and other organs. 📌 It is a vaccine-preventable disease but can be life-threatening if untreated. 🧬 Cause ⚠️ Symptoms 🔹 Respiratory
🦴 Osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis is a serious infection of the bone, typically caused by bacteria (most commonly Staphylococcus aureus), and less often by fungi or other organisms. It can affect people of any age and can become chronic if not treated promptly. 🧬 Causes Osteomyelitis can occur through: ⚠️ Risk Factors 🧪 Symptoms 🔬 Diagnosis 💊
