😴 Sleep Apnea – Overview Sleep apnea is a disorder where breathing repeatedly starts and stops during sleep, leading to poor sleep quality and low oxygen levels. 🛌 Types of Sleep Apnea Type Description Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Most common type; caused by blockage of the airway due to relaxed throat muscles Central Sleep Apnea […]
💨 Pneumothorax – Overview A pneumothorax is the presence of air in the pleural space (the space between the lung and the chest wall), which causes the lung to collapse partially or completely. This can lead to breathing difficulties and reduced oxygen levels. ⚙️ Types of Pneumothorax Type Cause/Description Spontaneous pneumothorax Occurs without trauma; often
👄 Pemphigus Vulgaris – Mouth Involvement Explained Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) often begins in the mouth, and in many cases, oral lesions are the first sign of the disease — appearing weeks or months before skin symptoms. These lesions can be painful and make everyday activities like eating and speaking very difficult. 🔍 What Happens in
💧 Pleural Effusion – Overview Pleural effusion is the abnormal accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural space — the thin gap between the lungs and the chest wall. ⚙️ Types of Pleural Effusion Type Cause/Description Transudative Caused by systemic factors that alter pressure (e.g., heart failure, liver cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome) Exudative Caused by local
🌬️ ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) – Overview ARDS is a serious condition characterized by sudden and severe inflammation in the lungs, leading to widespread lung tissue damage and fluid leakage into the alveoli (air sacs). This results in severe breathing difficulty and low oxygen levels in the blood. ⚙️ Causes of ARDS ARDS can
🦠 Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a rare, aggressive cancer that develops in the mesothelium — the thin layer of tissue covering many internal organs, most commonly the pleura (lining of the lungs). It is strongly linked to asbestos exposure. 📋 Types of Mesothelioma Type Location Description Pleural mesothelioma Lining of the lungs (pleura) Most common type,
🫁 SCLC (Small Cell Lung Cancer) – Overview Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) is a fast-growing, aggressive form of lung cancer that accounts for about 10-15% of all lung cancers. It tends to spread quickly to other parts of the body and is strongly linked to smoking. 🏷️ Key Features of SCLC 📋 Risk Factors
🫁 NSCLC (Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer) – Overview Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for about 85% of all lung cancer cases. It tends to grow and spread more slowly than small cell lung cancer (SCLC). 🏷️ Types of NSCLC Type Description Adenocarcinoma Most common subtype; starts
🫀 Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) – Overview Pulmonary hypertension is a condition where the blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries (the vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs) is abnormally high. This puts strain on the right side of the heart, which can eventually lead to heart failure. 🏷️ Types of Pulmonary Hypertension
🩸 Pulmonary Embolism (PE) – Overview A pulmonary embolism is a sudden blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs, usually caused by a blood clot that traveled from elsewhere in the body—most commonly the legs (deep vein thrombosis, or DVT). This blockage reduces blood flow to lung tissue, can cause lung damage,
