🌾 Pellagra Pellagra is a nutritional deficiency disease caused by a lack of niacin (vitamin B3) or its precursor tryptophan in the diet. It primarily affects the skin, digestive system, and nervous system and can be fatal if left untreated. 🧬 Cause 🔄 Niacin Functions ⚠️ Classic Symptoms – “3 Ds” (and a 4th if […]
🟡 Jaundice Jaundice is a condition characterized by yellowing of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes due to a buildup of bilirubin — a yellow pigment formed by the breakdown of red blood cells. It is not a disease itself, but a sign of an underlying condition, often related to the liver, bile ducts, or
👁️ Cataract A cataract is a clouding of the eye’s natural lens, which lies behind the iris and the pupil. It is one of the leading causes of vision loss worldwide, especially in older adults. Fortunately, cataracts are treatable with surgery. 🧬 Causes Cataracts form when proteins in the lens clump together, preventing clear light
😊 What is Fifth Disease? Fifth disease, also known as “slapped cheek disease,” is a mild viral illness most common in children. It’s caused by parvovirus B19 and gets its nickname from the bright red rash that often appears on the cheeks. 🔍 Key Facts: Cause: Parvovirus B19 Common in: Children (ages 5–15), but adults
🧠 Parkinson’s Disease – Overview Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement and often includes tremors, stiffness, and balance problems. It results from the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in a specific area of the brain called the substantia nigra. 🧬 Cause ⚠️ Symptoms 1️⃣ Motor Symptoms (main features): 2️⃣ Non-Motor Symptoms (may
🦠 Cholera Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It spreads through contaminated water or food and can cause rapid dehydration and death if not treated promptly. 🧬 Cause 🌍 Transmission ⚠️ Symptoms 🕐 Incubation Period: 2 hours to 5 days 1️⃣ Mild or Asymptomatic (~80% of cases) 2️⃣ Typical
🦠 Hepatitis E Hepatitis E is a liver infection caused by the Hepatitis E virus (HEV). It is typically self-limiting (resolves on its own), but can be severe or fatal in certain populations—especially pregnant women and people with weakened immune systems. 🧬 Cause 🌍 How It Spreads (Transmission) 🕐 Incubation Period ⚠️ Symptoms Most people
🦠 Amoebiasis Amoebiasis (also spelled Amebiasis) is an intestinal infection caused by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica. It can range from mild diarrhea to severe dysentery and, in rare cases, spread to other organs such as the liver. 🧬 Cause 🌍 Who’s at Risk? 🦠 Transmission ⚠️ Symptoms 🔹 Intestinal Amoebiasis (Amebic Colitis): 🔹 Extraintestinal Amoebiasis:
🦠 What Is Smallpox? Smallpox is a serious and contagious viral disease caused by the variola virus. It was once one of the deadliest diseases in human history, but it was eradicated globally in 1980 through a successful worldwide vaccination campaign led by the World Health Organization (WHO). 🔬 Cause Caused by the Variola virus
🦟 Leishmaniasis – Overview Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the Leishmania genus. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female sandflies (Phlebotomus or Lutzomyia species). The disease affects the skin, mucous membranes, or internal organs, depending on the type. 🧬 Cause 📌 Forms of Leishmaniasis Type Main Symptoms
