Capillaritis, also known as pigmented purpuric dermatosis (PPD), is a benign skin condition characterized by leaky capillaries that cause tiny reddish-brown spots (petechiae) to appear, mostly on the lower legs. It’s not dangerous, but it can be persistent and sometimes cosmetically bothersome. 🔍 What Happens in Capillaritis? 📌 Common Features 🧪 Types of Capillaritis (PPD […]
🗣️ Laryngitis – Overview Laryngitis is the inflammation of the larynx (voice box), which often affects the vocal cords, leading to hoarseness, voice loss, sore throat, and cough. It can be acute or chronic, depending on the duration and underlying cause. 🧬 Causes 🔹 Acute Laryngitis (most common; lasts <3 weeks): 🔹 Chronic Laryngitis (lasts
Subglottic Stenosis Subglottic stenosis (SGS) is a narrowing of the airway just below the vocal cords (the subglottic space, part of the larynx). It can partially or completely obstruct airflow, causing breathing difficulties. 📍 Anatomical Location: 🧬 Causes: 🔹 Congenital (present at birth): 🔹 Acquired (most common): 🩺 Symptoms: 🔍 Diagnosis: 📏 Severity Classification: Cotton-Myer
🦴 Paget’s Disease of Bone Paget’s disease of bone is a chronic bone disorder where the normal process of bone remodeling is disrupted, leading to abnormal, enlarged, and weakened bones. It can affect one or several bones and is most common in older adults. 🧬 What Happens in Paget’s Disease? 📍 Commonly Affected Bones: ⚠️
Osteoporosis – Overview Osteoporosis is a chronic condition where bones become weak, brittle, and more likely to fracture, even with minor falls or injuries. It occurs when bone loss outpaces bone formation, reducing bone mineral density (BMD). 📉 What Happens in Osteoporosis? 🧬 Causes & Risk Factors: 🩺 Symptoms: Osteoporosis is often called a “silent
Phlebitis refers to inflammation of a vein, usually in the legs. It can occur in superficial veins (close to the skin surface) or, more seriously, in deep veins (which is called deep vein thrombosis, or DVT, when a clot is involved). 📌 Types of Phlebitis 🔍 Causes ⚠️ Symptoms Superficial Phlebitis: Deep Phlebitis (DVT): 🧪
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is a serious condition where a blood clot (thrombus) forms in a deep vein, most commonly in the legs. It can be life-threatening if the clot breaks loose and travels to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism (PE). 🔍 Causes and Risk Factors 🚨 Symptoms Sometimes there are no symptoms, but
Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) is a long-term condition where the veins in the legs cannot pump enough blood back to the heart. It often results from damaged valves in the veins, leading to blood pooling in the lower limbs. Causes Symptoms Stages of CVI (CEAP Classification) Diagnosis Treatment Conservative Management Medical and Surgical Interventions Prognosis
Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that are commonly found in the legs and feet. They occur when the valves in the veins that help blood flow toward the heart become weak or damaged, causing blood to pool in the veins. Causes Symptoms Complications (rare) Treatment Options Lifestyle Changes Medical Procedures
🦴 Osteoarthritis (OA) Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, characterized by the gradual breakdown of cartilage in joints. It leads to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced mobility, mostly in older adults. 📉 What Happens in OA? 📍 Commonly Affected Joints: 🧬 Causes & Risk Factors: 🩺 Symptoms: 🔍 Diagnosis: 💊 Treatment: There is
