A radiologist is a medical doctor who specializes in interpreting medical images to diagnose and sometimes treat diseases and injuries. They play a critical role in modern medicine by working behind the scenes to help other doctors make accurate diagnoses. 🩻 What Does a Radiologist Do? Radiologists use imaging technologies to: 🖼️ Types of Imaging […]
Bladder Cancer Bladder cancer is a malignancy of the urinary bladder, most commonly arising from the urothelium (the inner lining). It is the 10th most common cancer worldwide, with a higher prevalence in older males. 🧬 Types of Bladder Cancer Type Frequency Notes Urothelial carcinoma ~90% Formerly called transitional cell carcinoma; arises from bladder lining
Neurogenic Bladder Neurogenic bladder is a dysfunction of the urinary bladder caused by problems in the nervous system—specifically the nerves that control bladder storage and emptying. It can result in urinary incontinence, retention, infection, or kidney damage if untreated. 🧠 Causes of Neurogenic Bladder Cause Example Conditions Spinal cord injury Trauma, tumor, surgery Neurological diseases
🦠 What Are Bacterial Infections? Bacterial infections occur when harmful bacteria invade the body, multiply, and cause illness. While many bacteria are harmless or beneficial, pathogenic bacteria can lead to various diseases. 🧬 Common Bacterial Infections Here are some prevalent bacterial infections: ⚠️ Symptoms of Bacterial Infections Symptoms can vary based on the infection site
Bladder Diverticula (Plural of diverticulum) A bladder diverticulum is a pouch or sac-like outpouching of the bladder wall that protrudes through a weak area in the muscular layer. It may be congenital or acquired, and it can trap urine, leading to complications like infection, stones, or even tumors. 🔍 Types Type Description Congenital Rare; usually
🦠 What Are Viral Infections? Viral infections are diseases caused by viruses — microscopic infectious agents that invade living cells to reproduce. Once inside the body, viruses use your cells to multiply, often damaging or destroying them in the process. 🔍 How Viruses Work 📋 Common Types of Viral Infections 🦠 Respiratory Viruses 🧴 Skin
Bladder Stones (Also called vesical calculi) Bladder stones are hard mineral deposits that form in the urinary bladder, often due to urinary stasis, infection, or foreign bodies. They are less common than kidney stones but can cause significant urinary symptoms. 🧬 Pathophysiology Bladder stones typically form when: ⚠️ Common Causes Cause Notes Bladder outlet obstruction
Radiation Cystitis Radiation cystitis is inflammation and damage to the bladder caused by radiation therapy, usually as treatment for pelvic cancers such as prostate, cervical, bladder, or rectal cancer. 🔍 Pathophysiology ⚠️ Types Type Timing Features Acute radiation cystitis During or shortly after radiation (weeks) Irritative urinary symptoms (frequency, urgency, dysuria), usually self-limited Chronic radiation
Understanding Underlying Health Conditions An underlying health condition refers to a chronic or long-term medical issue that exists alongside other health problems. These conditions can influence the severity and progression of additional illnesses, making individuals more susceptible to complications. 🧬 Common Underlying Health Conditions Certain health conditions are frequently categorized as underlying due to their
