👄 Aphthous Ulcer (Canker Sore)
Aphthous ulcers are common, small, painful sores that appear inside the mouth, usually on the inner cheeks, lips, tongue, or soft palate. They are also called canker sores.
🧬 Causes and Triggers:
- Exact cause is unknown, but factors include:
- Minor mouth injury (biting cheek, dental work)
- Stress or hormonal changes
- Nutritional deficiencies (iron, vitamin B12, folate)
- Food sensitivities (acidic or spicy foods)
- Immune system reactions
- Certain systemic diseases (e.g., celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, Behçet’s disease)
🩺 Symptoms:
- Round or oval sores with a white or yellow center and a red border
- Painful, especially when eating, drinking, or talking
- Usually heal within 7-14 days without scarring
💊 Treatment:
- No cure, but symptoms can be managed:
- Avoid spicy, acidic foods
- Use topical analgesics (e.g., benzocaine)
- Apply corticosteroid gels or rinses
- Maintain good oral hygiene
- In severe cases, doctors may prescribe systemic medications