🎗️ Stomach Cancer (Gastric Cancer)
Stomach cancer refers to malignant tumors that arise from the lining of the stomach. It is often diagnosed at a late stage because early symptoms can be vague.
🔍 Causes and Risk Factors
- Helicobacter pylori infection (major risk factor)
- Chronic gastritis or stomach ulcers
- Smoking
- High salt and smoked food consumption
- Family history of stomach cancer
- Certain genetic conditions
- Older age and male gender
⚠️ Symptoms
- Persistent stomach pain or discomfort
- Difficulty swallowing (especially in advanced cases)
- Unexplained weight loss
- Nausea or vomiting
- Loss of appetite
- Feeling full quickly after eating
- Blood in vomit or stools (black, tarry stools)
- Fatigue (due to anemia)
🧪 Diagnosis
- Endoscopy with biopsy (gold standard)
- Imaging: CT scan, PET scan for staging
- Blood tests (anemia, tumor markers in some cases)
🛠️ Treatment
- Surgery: Partial or total gastrectomy (removal of part or all of the stomach)
- Chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy
- Targeted therapy and immunotherapy in some cases
- Supportive care and nutritional support
🛡️ Prevention Tips
- Treat H. pylori infection early
- Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol
- Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables
- Reduce intake of salty, smoked, and processed foods
- Regular medical check-ups if at risk